1. Loose-stock dyeing machines:

1.1 Batch loose-stock dyeing machine: composed of a loading drum, a circular dyeing tank and a circulation pump. The drum has a central pipe, and both the drum wall and the central pipe are full of small holes. The fiber is loaded into the drum, placed in the dye tank, and dye liquor is added; the pump is started and the temperature raised for dyeing. The liquor flows from the central pipe through the fiber and the drum wall from inside to outside, then returns to the central pipe to form a circulation. Some loose-stock dyeing machines consist of a conical vessel, a dye tank and a circulation pump; the false bottom and lid of the conical vessel are full of small holes. The loose stock is loaded, pressed with the lid, then placed in the dye tank. Liquor is pumped through the false bottom from bottom to top out of the lid, forming a circulation for dyeing.

1.2 Continuous loose-stock dyeing machine: composed of a feed hopper, a conveyor belt, padding rollers and a steaming chamber. The fiber is carried by the conveyor belt to the padding rollers, soaked with dye liquor, padded, then enters the steaming chamber. After steaming, it is soaped and washed.

2. Top dyeing machines:

2.1 Ball top dyeing machine: the sliver tops are packed into the dyeing vessel, the lid is closed and dye liquor circulates through the package from inside to outside or from outside to inside for level dyeing.

2.2 Package dyeing machine (cheese/cone): yarn packages wound on perforated spindles are dyed with forced liquor circulation through the package, giving uniform dyeing of warp, weft and knitted yarns.

3. Jigger dyeing: fabric is wound back and forth between two rollers through the dye bath; the fabric layer is dyed evenly by repeated passes. Jiggers are economical for small batches and multiple varieties and suit open-width fabrics.

4. Jet and overflow dyeing machines: fabric is circulated in rope form in a closed chamber by jet or overflow liquor; they suit knit goods and woven fabrics at high temperature and pressure.

Choosing the right dyeing machine depends on the fiber, fabric form, batch size and process requirements.